Metabolic surgery, also known as bariatric surgery, has gained significant and well-deserved recognition as an effective solution for the treatment of obesity and related health concerns. Whenever you’re dealing with a medical procedure, it’s normal for people to have questions. One relates to the different types of weight-loss surgery, and which among them is considered the least aggressive. The good news is that less invasive techniques have become increasingly popular, thanks to reduced risks and a faster recovery compared to more extensive surgical procedures. Let’s explore the benefits and procedures of four of the least aggressive weight loss surgery options: gastric balloon, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, adjustable gastric band, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Least Aggressive Weight-Loss Surgeries
Let’s with two procedures that aren’t truly surgical, but actually minor procedures. This means they generally do not require cutting or general anesthesia. We should stipulate that neither of these procedures has proven effectiveness anywhere near the surgical options (like sleeve gastrectomy), are usually not covered by health insurance plans (no convincing long-term data, so…), and are not widely performed.
Gastric Balloon
Gastric balloon surgery is kind of a nifty, if simple idea, and a temporary option for weight loss. This non-surgical procedure involves inserting a deflated balloon into the stomach, which is then inflated with a sterile solution, occupying space within the stomach. The balloon remains in place for approximately six months, creating a feeling of fullness and reducing food intake. After six months, the balloon is removed.
The advantages of gastric balloon surgery include minimal invasiveness, quick recovery, and low risk of complications. It is performed as an outpatient procedure, requiring only a brief recovery period, though it can sometimes cause a lot of nausea. Patients can expect to lose a modest amount of weight during the six months the balloon is in place, making it a suitable option for those who need to jumpstart their weight loss journey without committing to a more permanent procedure. It is expensive, and did I mention that it’s temporary?
Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG), also known as endoscopic gastric sleeve, is another minimally invasive weight loss procedure option. This procedure is performed endoscopically, meaning it does not require any surgical incisions. Instead, a flexible tube with a camera and surgical instruments is inserted through the mouth and into the stomach.
During the procedure, the surgeon sutures the stomach to reduce its size, creating a sleeve-like shape that limits food intake. The primary advantage of this method is its minimal invasiveness and short recovery time. Patients can typically go home the same day and return to their daily activities within a few days.
While usually simpler, it usually does require general anesthesia, and the procedure can still result in serious complications. Little long-term data supports its use. Prepare to pay out of pocket.
Adjustable Gastric Banding
Less often performed today, the banding procedure was displaced by the sleeve procedure (see below), which many people believe is quite similar in terms of the initial safety and simplicity. A silicone band is placed around the upper part of the stomach, creating a small upper pouch. The band is adjustable, allowing for control of food intake. Some long-term complications from the implanted hardware remain a concern, and it has not been as effective as other surgical options in achieving substantial and sustained weight loss.
Sleeve Gastrectomy
In experienced hands, the sleeve procedure is safer than an appendectomy or a C-section and is performed in 30 minutes with 4 to 5 small Band-aids. In this procedure, the outer 75-80% of the stomach is removed, leaving a more slender, banana-like stomach. Powerfully changing the metabolic hormones that come from this stomach tissue, it is the most widely performed procedure and has demonstrated impressive outcomes in safety, weight loss, diabetes reversal, and resolving comorbidities. It is covered by nearly every health insurance plan.
The Takeaway
Metabolic surgery has evolved over the years to offer a range of options that cater to the diverse needs of individuals seeking weight loss solutions. All the truly surgical options have become safer over the decades, and in experienced hands are among the safest procedures performed today. Sleeve gastrectomy is covered by insurance, is safe, allows a two-week recovery time, and delivers effective long-term weight loss and health risk reduction. The least aggressive non-surgical weight loss procedures, such as gastric balloon and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, provide some short-term weight loss and somewhat faster recovery times, but usually involve significant out-of-pocket expense.
The choice of procedure or surgery will depend on individual circumstances, including BMI, health conditions, and personal preferences. Ultimately, these procedures can be an essential step in helping individuals achieve and maintain a healthier weight, reduce obesity-related health risks, and improve overall quality of life. However, it is crucial to consult with a qualified bariatric surgeon to determine the most suitable approach for each patient’s unique situation and goals.
Ready to learn more? Contact the Nevada Surgical team today.
